Ensure you have the latest Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable Packages installed. Conclusion
Firefox maintained support for Windows 7 significantly longer than Chrome through its ESR 115 branch. While it is also moving toward legacy status, it received security definitions much longer than Chrome 109 did. download google chrome for windows 7 32bit offline verified
Ensure your antivirus isn't blocking the standalone setup. Since Windows 7 is older, some modern security software might flag legacy installers aggressively. Ensure you have the latest Microsoft Visual C++